乙肝相关性肝癌临床病理学特征与高敏C反应蛋白和溶血磷脂酸表达的相关性

目的探讨乙肝相关性肝癌临床病理学特征与溶血磷脂酸(LPA)和高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)表达的相关性。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月间河南省驻马店市中心医院收治的198例乙肝相关性肝癌患者作为乙肝组,198例酒精相关性肝癌患者作为酒精组。两组患者都进行血清hs-CRP和LPA表达检测,调查患者的病理学特征并进行相关性分析。结果乙肝组患者血清hs-CRP和LPA含量均高于酒精组,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。两组患者血清ALP、AFP、ALT、AST和GGT含量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。乙肝组不同临床分期和组织学分化患者的血清hs-CRP和LPA含量比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。乙肝组患者的临床分期和组织学分化与血清hs-CRP和LPA表达均存在相关性,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。患者的临床分期和组织学分化均为影响hs-CRP和LPA表达的重要因素,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。结论相对于酒精相关性肝癌,乙肝相关性肝癌的血清hs-CRP和LPA呈现高表达,与患者的临床病理学特征存在相关性。     

术前SCC与CYFRA21-1在肺鳞癌患者表达上调及临床意义

目的 分析术前SCC、CYFRA21-1与肺鳞癌临床病理特征、预后之间的关系。方法 收集2017年3月~2018年4月在云南省肿瘤医院确诊的肺鳞癌患者100例为观察组，确诊为肺良性肿瘤患者90名为肺良性肿瘤组、以及正常人群90名为健康人群组。通过电化学发光法对SCC、CYFRA21-1两种指标进行检测。检测SCC、CYFRA21-1含量，分析在肺鳞癌中表达的临床意义。结果 SCC、CYFRA21-1在肺鳞癌中比在肺良性肿瘤、健康人群中含量要高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001），并且敏感性均高于其他两组；男性患者的SCC、CYFRA21-1含量高于女性患者，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；SCC、CYFRA21-1含量在年龄≥60岁的含量高于＜60岁患者，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；有吸烟史患者的SCC含量高于无吸烟史患者，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。CYFRA21-1在吸烟史患者中高表达，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；SCC、CYFRA21-1在有淋巴结转移、远处转移、肿瘤直径≥5 cm、病理分期为晚期时高表达，差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；SCC、CYFRA21-1阳性患者OS、PFS比阴性患者短；SCC、CYFRA21-1两者之间呈正相关,相关系数（r）为0.630。结论 SCC、CYFRA21-1在肺鳞癌中表达上调；SCC、CYFRA21-1与性别之间存在某种内在联系；SCC、CYFRA21-1与肺鳞癌的TNM分期呈正相关；SCC、CYFRA21-1阳性患者OS、PFS比阴性患者短；SCC、CYFRA21-1两者之间呈正相关,相关系数（r）为0.630。     

Preoperative comprehensive malignancy risk estimation for thyroid nodules: Development and verification of a network-based prediction model

BackgroundIn order to avoid excessive treatment of thyroid nodules in the clinic, it is necessary to find a simple and practical analysis method to comprehensively and accurately reflect benign or malignant thyroid nodules. This study aimed to construct and validate a comprehensive and reliable network-based predictive model using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria for thyroid nodules to stratify the risk of malignancy prior to surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for thyroid nodules at the Thyroid and Breast Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2018 and December 2020. Binary logical regression analysis was performed to predict whether nodules were malignant or benign. The developmental dataset included 457 patients (January 2018–December 2020). The validation set included separate data points (n = 225, January 2018–December 2020).ResultsIn this study, criteria that showed significant predictive value for malignant nodules included TI-RADS: 4b (p = 0.065); Bethesda IV, Bethesda V, Bethesda VI (P < 0.0001); BRAF^V600E mutation (P < 0.0001); Calcitonin>5 pg/ml (p = 0.0037); and FNA-Tg>30 ng/ml (p = 0.0003). A 10-grade risk scoring system was developed. The risk of malignancy risk ranged from 2.06% to 100% and was positively associated with increasing risk grade. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the development and validation sets were 0.972 and 0.946, respectively.ConclusionA simple, comprehensive and reliable web-based predictive model was designed using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria to stratify thyroid nodules by probability of malignancy.     

2011—2020年平顶山市 乙型病毒性肝炎流行病学特征分析 时空分布特征及与性别、年龄变化情况

[摘要]　目的　分析河南省平顶山市2011—2020年乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）流行病学特征，为调整本市的乙肝防控策略和措施提供科学依据。方法?通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集网络直报的平顶山市2011—2020年乙肝病例数据，采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果?2011—2020年平顶山市共报告27 078例乙肝病例，年平均发病率为67.47/10万，2016—2020年期间的年平均发病率（36.95/10万）较2011—2015年期间（98.46/10万）明显下降（χ2=5628.949，P=0.000）；急、慢性乙肝发病率分别为8.50/10万和57.88/10万；0～14岁以下儿童年平均发病率最低，为2.89/10万，随着年龄的增长，乙肝报告发病率呈现逐渐增高的趋势（χ2趋势=4644.258，P=0.000）；男性年平均发病率（71.21/10万）高于女性（63.44/10万）（χ2=89.803，P=0.000）；2016—2020年间发病率居前3位的分别为宝丰县（58.40/10万）、舞钢市（57.83/10万）、石龙区（56.50/10万），均为城郊地区。结论?平顶山市2011—2020年乙肝报告发病率呈下降趋势，尤以0～14岁以下儿童发病率较低。建议进一步加强成人乙肝防控工作，并重点加强宝丰县和舞钢市等高风险地区的防控工作。     

鲍温病中XB130的表达和意义及临床病理分析

目的:研究XB130在鲍温病皮损组织中的表达，探讨其在鲍温病发生发展过程中的作用，并探讨鲍温病的临床病理特点。方法:回顾性分析我院161例鲍温病的临床及病理资料并应用免疫组化法检测37例鲍温病组织及35例正常皮肤组织中XB130的表达情况。结果:鲍温病多发于老年人，无性别差异，但男性的平均确诊年龄低于女性，所有患者中躯干为最常见发病部位。XB130在鲍温病组织中表达降低， XB130在正常皮肤组织及在鲍温病中的阳性表达率及表达强度差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论:鲍温病多发于老年人，无性别差异，男性患者发病普遍早于女性患者，所有患者中躯干为最常见的发病部位，女性患者头颈部发病最多见，男性则多发于躯干。XB130在鲍温病皮损中的表达明显低于正常皮肤组织，XB130可能参与鲍温病的发生与发展。     

肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤的临床病理特征分析

目的探讨肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤(PCC)的临床病理特征。方法收集22例PCC患者的临床病历资料,分析临床表现、病理特征、免疫组织化学特征、鉴别诊断、治疗和预后。结果患者中位年龄46岁(23~67岁);男性13例、女性9例;临床常见症状包括高血压、腹胀腹痛;Ⅰ期10例、Ⅱ期12例;中位随访时间为72.5个月(14.9~117.7个月),其中1例复发、1例转移,其余患者均未发生复发及转移;CgA、Syn和CD56阳性表达率分别为95.2%、95.2%、100.0%,CK、Melan-A阴性表达率分别为90.5%和100.0%,Ki-67增殖指数低于10%,S100阳性表达率为76.2%。结论肾上腺PCC发病率低,但有转移和复发的可能,需要定期随访。     

Study of Haralick’s and GLCM texture analysis on 3D medical images

Purpose of the study: Medical field has highly evolved with advancements in the technologies which prove to be beneficial for radiologists and patients for better diagnosis. The era of medical science provides best healthcare solutions with the help of medical images. Till now, 2D MRIs played a prominent role in early detection of disease but with latest technologies taking over the charge, 3D MRIs are highly effective and great in demand nowadays. With the aid of advanced techniques such as edge detection, segmentation and texture analysis on these images, the disease detection may become much easier.

Materials and Methods: Texture of any image is recognized by distribution of gray levels in the neighborhood. The Texture Analysis plays an important role in study of medical images. It identifies the prominent features of an image and highlights the same using different feature extraction technique. In this paper, 3D MRI of human brain is considered and texture analysis based on Haralick's and GLCM texture features is performed. Haralick's feature explains the image intensities of each pixel and their relationship with neighborhood pixels. The entire data set consists of 40 brain tumor patients, out of which a sample has been depicted.

Results: The analysis of different features such as Contrast, Correlation, Energy, Homogeneity and Entropy is carried out. Conclusion: Further, the study highlights about the highly useful features for early detection of brain tumor disease.     

Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma: A comprehensive review

Acinar cell carcinoma (ACC) is a rare pancreatic malignancy with distinctive clinical, molecular, and morphological features. The long-term survival of ACC patients is substantially superior to that of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. As there are no significant patient series about ACCs, our understanding of this illness is mainly based on case reports and limited patient series. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice for patients with the disease restricted to one organ; however, with recent breakthroughs in precision medicine, medicines targeting the one-of-a-kind molecular profile of ACC are on the horizon. There are no standard treatment protocols available for people in which a total surgical resection to cure the condition is not possible. As a result of shared genetic alterations, ACCs are chemosensitive to agents with activity against pancreatic adenocarcinomas and colorectal carcinomas. The role of neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiotherapy has not been established. This article aims to do a comprehensive literature study and present the most recent information on acinar cell cancer.     

肺腺癌病理与影像相关性分析

目的探讨肺腺癌的病理学特点与影像学特征的相关性。方法回顾性分析我院2018年9月至2020年1月住院的133名肺腺癌患者,根据病理诊断分为原位癌28例,微浸润癌45例和浸润癌60例,分析各组影像学及病理学特点。结果浸润癌组患者平均年龄及结节直径大于其他两组;微浸润癌组的平均年龄、结节直径大于原位癌组,三组结节边界、分叶征、毛刺征及胸膜凹陷征例数比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高龄患者、结节直径较大、结节边界不清、分叶征、毛刺征和胸膜凹陷征提示恶性可能大。